Understanding Chinese Characters

Gender Roles And Gender Socialization - 985 Words

Forum 1: Gender Roles and Gender Socialization 1. Explain why gender is not a property of individuals but rather a feature of social situations. Give specific examples, including your own experiences, in which gender differences were assumed to be natural but were really social constructed. Note: It helps to distinguish between the concepts of sex and gender in answering this question (see definitions in Chapter 3 and lecture notes). Gender is not a property of individual because it provides more fluidity then sex is. Unlike sex, gender does not depend on a person’s biological attributes. It rather focuses on society perception of femininity and masculinity and how society identifies with these roles. â€Å"West and Zimmerman wrote, that gender is not a set of traits, nor a role, but a product of social doings of some sort.† (Andrew 2013). By separating gender roles from sexual characteristics, a person is able to identify as a man, woman, transgender, etc. One person may view someone’s feminine or masculine actions, different then another person would. For example, there has been a lot of controversy with body image and female athletes. For instances, females like Serena Williams, who possess a lot of muscle mass are seen as â€Å"masculine† or â€Å"manly†. While Serena Williams has a very muscular frame, she has also had quite a roster of boyfriends. Therefore, there should not be a correlation between muscularity and masculinity. I have also noticed a negative perception ofShow MoreRelatedGender Socialization And Gender Roles998 Words   |  4 Pagesattention to the gender equality issues many societies face. Is this increased awareness helping towards a neutral gendered socialization process which will inevitably eliminate the inequality? Gender socialization is the process where an individual is impacted by agents of socialization through their life stages which consequently creates the gender roles we see in today’s society. The only way to start working towards a gender equal world is by making changes towards the gender socialization process. GenderRead MoreGender Socialization And Gender Roles999 Words   |  4 PagesEarly gender socialization is perhaps one of the most relevant issues and debates of early childhood. The beginnings of stereotypes for gender roles are typically established at birth, and continue a process of learning specific cultural roles and standards in accordance with the sex of the individual. Gendered interactions begin early in the family and hence influence the process of gendered socialization, as was such the case for myself growing up. Socialization comes from a number of sources:Read MoreGender Socialization And Gender Roles1452 Words   |  6 Pages120 Professor Lessor 5/14/2016 Gender role in socialization Gender socialization and gender roles have always existed in society. Gender roles are playing major part in our way of living. As we grow, we learn how to behave and respect from those surrounding us as well as children learn at a young age what it means to be a boy or a girl in our society . there are certain roles placed on boys and girls in accordance with their gender. These gender roles are set on children from birth andRead MoreGender Socialization And Gender Roles Essay2371 Words   |  10 PagesSociety has this unknown expectation for genders to have a type of distinction toward one another, attitudes and behaviors that males and females are required to have. Gender socialization is society’s way to categorize the propensity for males and females to be socialized differently. Media, violence, even politics has a large contribution to the division among genders in the 21st century creating by creating a new culture of independents. Media has been promoted very sele ctively and carefully,Read MoreSocialization Of Gender Roles1524 Words   |  7 Pagesborn, we are born into a world of conformity and obedience. Early in our lives, we look at authority figures like parents or teachers as these sentinels of guidance, as omnipotent beings with unwavering precision in their lessons. The concept of socialization is very perplexed, and it’s difficult to identify the variables that shape our development as we grow. As children, we communicate with the world free of inhibition, and find no fault in any of our actions; we could throw a tantrum and no one wouldRead MoreGender Socialization and Gender Roles Essay1184 Words   |  5 PagesGender socialization and gender roles have always existed in society. When analyzing gender roles, they are not always equal or consistent when comparing cultures, however, the expectations of females and males are often times clearly defined with a little to no common area. The Japanese culture is an example of th e defined gender roles that change over time. According to Schafer (2010), because â€Å"gender roles are society’s expectations of the proper behavior, attitudes, and activities of males andRead MoreThe Role Of Socialization And Gender Roles852 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTIOn tell me what you are focussing on†¦..family and theirgender roles Socialisation is the process by which a child learns to respect his or her environmental laws such as norms, values and customs. Socialisation helps the infant gradually become self-aware and a knowledgeable person, skilled in the ways of the culture into which he or she is born. Children within the primary socialisation of the family learn a great deal from parents and other care givers such as grandparents, grandmothersRead MoreThe Role Of Socialization On Gender Identity2394 Words   |  10 PagesThe Influence of Socialization on Gender Identity Gender-Role Conformity As evident from the generalized patterns found in differences in behaviour and outlook observed between the sexes, it may be tempting, as has been done in the past, to conclude that gender is an unavoidable aspect of human existence as determined purely from one s genes. Indeed, human physiology is subject to sexual dimorphism; statistically significant differences in brain size and rate of maturation of specific substructuresRead MoreGender Socialization Is The Process Of Learning Gender Roles And Expectations1177 Words   |  5 Pagestradition of gender socialization that facilitates prejudicial practices within the work environment. Gender socialization is the process of learning gender roles and expectations. It is what determines which things are considered masculine or feminine. This process tends to reinforce traditional gender ideologies. The cult of domesticity, or the idea that a woman’s place is in the home taking care of children while the man works, is one prominent expression of traditional gender roles. During childhoodRead MoreHow Toys Play A Role On Gender Socialization1229 Words   |  5 Pagesunusual for their gender. Toys are a prominent factor in this socialization, because they are typically presented for one gender and are unacceptable for the other. To assess how toys play a role in gender socialization, I made a trip to Toys â€Å"R† Us in College Station and was surprised by how the store was organized. The first thing that went through my mind when walking into the store was to look for the Girls and Boys signs that would indicate to me which section was for which gender. There weren’t

Emirates Airlines free essay sample

Emirates earned profit on March 31,2010 is more than $3,538 since last 17 years and it’s growth ration more than 20% a year. (BBC News) External Environment Airline Industry Analysis Airline industry Profile Presently airline industry growing very well and world top level profitability industry where from we can earn profit . On the other hand political and some other economic factors are affected on this industry, after 11th September there was a great change in the trend of abroad journey for visit, studying and business purposes etc. Another big factor is rapidly rising in oil prices over the world specially in middle east as well, due to this cost increased of airline industry and in this way profit has been decreased and these losses has been reached round $ 6 billion in 2009 (IATA) 6 billion in 2009 (IATA) Eventually, the airline industry has been restored number of passengers. We are watching again the trend of tourism, international trade and development of globalization and in this way numbers of passengers has been increased and exceed 2. 3 billion by the end of 2009. (IATA). Thus, for winning and strong image in aviation market its compulsory for airlines that cut of their prices and improve their services. Life Cycle of Airline Industry. The Product Life Cycle refers to the sequence of stages a product goes through. Any new product in market go through a sequences of stages from introduction to maturity ,growth to decline and this sequence of all stages is called product life cycle. We can also say the stages through which individual products build up over time is called The Product Life Cycle. (Saaksvuore. A and Immune. A, 2008) The classic product life cycle has four stages are: Introduction Stage or Development stage Growth stage Maturity stage Decline stage Airline Industry Life cycle: According to product life cycle at the movement airline industry on its maturity stage due to big and perfect competition in the market. In this Maturity stage competition is more hostile in order to increasing advertisement and promotion activities. Further more many competitors increased their budgets on Research and development (Ramp;D) Through increasing customers’ brand loyalty many companies want to differentiate them from their competitors in their services and products. In this stage companies starts cutting their operating cost mean profit margin decreases result least efficient companies are not more in market. Accordingly, many companies’ use offensive strategies instead of defensive strategies by using methods of changing their market strategy ,product development and marketing mix for stay alive and compete during this aggressive stage. â€Å"(Development of new product)† Porter’s 5 Forces Threats of New Entrants The new entrants in any industry face some threats from existing companies because new company offer more attractive product with low cost etc. In airline industry threats are low as comparatively barriers are high. Some challenges under below due to new entrants.. Capital Requirements. We need huge capital for this industry for purchasing new crafts and also for starting new projects and also need for attractive to customers. Brand name amp; Customer loyalty: Airlines companies with excellent goodwill and strong image in market will easily compete with new threats at the time of entry. # Bargaining Power of Supplier’s Suppliers can easily change market trend through their high demand and control on prices and quality of their products amp; services. Boeing and Airbus are globally suppliers of the airline industry. Bargaining Power of Buyers Buyers are also can change the industry trend due to their demands for high quality ,demand for low prices and also have skill I reduction of the cost. Buyers are more powerful due to huge amount of passengers in market and approximately 1. 8 billion yearly. (ITAT) Threat of a Substitute Products or Services Another big threat of substitute product due to availability of substitute in the market for any product. For example people use theirs cars and use trains and buses within the same area or country. Rivalry amongst existing firms He trend of rivalry in airline industry is very famous and high due to availability of large numbers of airlines in the market which also offering best services, best cost etc. For example a lot companies want to increase their share price and want to increase their image want to gain best goodwill among the customers only due to offer best services, cost and also others lot of promotions to attract and attain the customers. (Thompson amp; Strickland, 1995) Key Competitors (Strategic Group analysis) 1st British Airways is one of the biggest in the world. nd Qatar Airways getting success from its aggressive growth plan. Singapore Airlines have very good repute in market as most respectful travel brands in the market and was established in 1947. American Airlines established in 1930 and largest airlines over the world due to yearly passengers of this airline more than 80 million. Strategy Strategy is the  long term planning to achieve business objective s through arrangement of resources  of organization within a difficult environment, to fulfill the market needs and also satisfaction of stakeholder’s expectations. (Dibb. S, Simkin. L, 2008)   Emirates Airlines Strategies: Emirates Airlines has a good and effective business model which is very helpful to gain company objectives and help to company become leader in the airline Industry . following are strategies of the emirates airlines strategies. Quality Control strategy: This is the basic and fundamental strategy to achieve goals of any organization so in this way airlines have very attractive and best strategy to control its quality and standard of the brand. Extensive Aviation Training strategy. This is another fundamental and key strategy of the Emirates for Aviation training . In this way company get maximum benefit through extensive training of its employees . In this way not only keep their employees with it but also open new opportunities for outsiders as well. International Airline Information Technology Development Strategy. This is another fundamental and very important strategy of the company for development of its e-business system, self check services system and also maximize the profit through its advancement in Information technology system in this way it make a lot of contracts with very big companies of the world. Resort, Hotel and Tourism Strategy. This is also another fundamental strategy of the company for increased the numbers of tourist in this way it assist to local bodies and advice for development of new Hotels, Restaurants, new buildings etc. Growth strategy New Bases. Expansion of existing bases. More opportunities available as airlines close/ consol. Cost, cost, cost (long term minimization). Efficient facilities. Demographics. Geographic. Strategic. Auctioned winter capacity. Increasing communication of benefits. Strategic Capabilities of Emirate’s Strategic capabilities means the skills are abilities to accomplish the stage for the surveillance in the market. It may be in two forms; (1). Resources and (2). Competences Emirate has its threshold resources which include its flights, office equipment, head quarter, finance resources and employees. Emirate also has core resources in the form of management team, Ahmed Bin Saeed Makhtoum (CEO/Chairman). Same as resources Emirate has threshold competences which includes online booking, operations of on time delivery and point to point routing. While in its core competences includes IT development, no frill strategy and route policy strategy. Key Success Factors Differentiation Airline companies can be differentiated by offering latest and modern services like big comfortable seats, advance aircrafts and new e-ticketing system. These all thing not only distinguish the companies also helpful to attractive new customers for the company. (e. g. British Airways). Strong brand name Strong brand name with loyal customers is very important for career of any company. It’s proved with strong brand name companies are most untactful for customers. Alliances In Airline industry establishing the alliances between different companies is very important trend in this way different companies will share their resources through strong network and will gain benefit of wide range customers network and will develop many others routes. In this way operations cost also will be decreased. Relations with supplier Strong relations with suppliers are compulsory for Airline companies through long term agreements companies remain safe in order to any future change in pricing strategy. PESTEL Analysis. Political factors The Airline industry is very sensitive industry and immediate affected by and changing in political conditions including wars and instability in economic situation in different countries. The recently political and economic instability in pacific Asia region disturbed the business Middle East and rest of world due to this Airline companies unable to join any International Alliances with top Airlines companies like American Airlines. (Growth phenomena, Nora amp; Byman) Economical factors Modern airports along with latest technology are important factor for success of airlines business. UAE have been planed to big investment on development of Dubai and Abu Dhabi airports. This investment on airport development will exceed up to Dh 71 billion over coming 20 years. Developed airports can give us following benefits: enhancing economy, increasing tourists overcome the dependency on oil revenues by alternatives business strategies. Social factors There is rapidly increasing world population and in this way increasing in number of tourist and educated people. For example, globally growing population especially in UAE according to The National Human Resources Development and Employment Authority Tanmia, UAE population in 2010 has been reached up to 7. 557million from 5. 63million, increased by 1. 9million people as per the official population statistical report issued 2006. A number of emigrants are increasing in UAE, airlines firms’ profits will increase due to travelling of those emigrants to their home countries. Furthermore, diseases also disturb the population of different countries, big example of this Bird Flue which is a killer unprocurable disease. Economic Development) Technological factors The latest technology also affected in both ways positively and negatively. Negative impact is that teleconferencing decreased the need of physical and face to face business meetings which directly affects on the sale of the company and decreased the passengers. On the other hand positive impacts of e-booking system make reservation sys tem very easy and accessible to any one and it has very good impact on the sale of the company. (Current State) Competitive advantage of Emirate’s Emirates Airlines implement differentiation generic strategy by offering high quality services in order to gaining benefit among its competitors and getting palce in market as Leader Company. For this purpose the emirates airlines was the 1st Airline in the world who offered TV screen in its all airline and 1st time introduce e-ticketing system in UAE. Thorough segmentation of market it also gained another competitive advantage. It was only company in UAE which providing training by using latest technology called plane simulator. The purpose of all changes only become the leader company in over the world in this order enhanced brand name awareness by locally, regionally and also world level and in this way it will increase profit and goodwill as well. Internal Environment SWOT analysis Strengths Membership of the Arab Alliance, which is known as â€Å"Arab Air Carriers Organization† First Airline company in the Arab world who introduce e-booking system Self check-in system at airport offered by Emirates Emirates Airlines world biggest purchaser Airline company by order of new 45 Super jumbo Air Buses. Providing qualitative training, benefits and rewords’ and very impressive salary packages and benefits to his employees and also cutting labour cost increasing employees loyalty (People). Latest March, 2010 held Festival of Literature and in 2006 sponsored Fifa World Cup in both way he gained its brand awareness and also makes its goodwill in market. Balance sheet looking sound and showing Profits for 2009-2010 grew four-fold to $964m inspite high oil prices and tough trading environment. Latest progress of Emirates Airlines rolls out flights to San Francisco. It is ready to rule the roost to take world leader in Airline business with the latest technology in hand. Weaknesses High operation cost due to big investment on purchasing aircrafts and application of latest technology. High Prices as comparatively other airlines companies. Non membership of any International Alliances. Non availability of hub in Abu Dhabi. As establishment not much old just in 1985 ,so it’s young airline. Opportunities Good growth in Per capita income in UAE. Huge investment plan by Government on the development of its airports in UAE. Growth in population of the world and in also in UAE . Forecasting of World Travel amp; Tourism Council that tourists will be increased in UAE due its best locality, huge beautiful buildings, safe and secure environment luxury hotels and restaurant and good economic condition after 2010. Rapidly enhancement in internet users over the world and in also in UAE. A different Aviation event like Air Show of Dubai good promotes Middle East airlines in the whole world. A lot of international companies want to shift their headquarters in Dubai due to safety and sound political situation so in this way bright chances for increasing in number of passengers. Threats Emirates airlines located in the region where politically instability going very high due to terrorism activities has been increased. Rapidly increasing in the operations cost due aviation security. Recently increase in fuel prices which is also cause of high operations cost. Due to non controlling of oil prices in this way might be Airline industry suffered loss by $ 3 billion (IATA) New arrival of airlines companies with low cost.. Modern online ticketing system can be hack by hackers and can be crashed by virus so in this way database of the company will destroy and eventually company will suffer huge amount of losses. The natural crises and deserters in the region like earthquake, flooding and hurricane. Latest worst flooding situation in Pakistan as before he faced crises by earthquake as well which was worst impact on the sale of airlines companies. The quickly increase of fresh sensitive unprocurable diseases like as SARS and Bird Flue that have very bad impact on airline industry sale. Summary of Internal Environment With the help of external environments, organizations or companies able to recognize their internal factors. Recognizing of that factors and make companies in this position that companies utilize their strength’s, overcome their weaknesses, get advantages from opportunities of the companies and can easily avoid from threats of the companies. Current situation of Emirates Airline: Any new arrival or entry in any industry is considered unattractive due to very low demand, high prices and strong competition. But attractive for Emirates Airlines due to its good strategy and strong market position. Also, it has many opportunities to handle any uncertain situation because it is member of very strong Emirates Group which share its resources and reduce the company expenses. Overall, Emirates enjoying with great market position along with high profitability rate which is considered as competitive advantage of the company and high profit rate of the company of its best competing strategy and other expansion strategy. Conclusion and Recommendation At the time of strong competition which refers to maturity stage of Airline Industry so each company should approach offensive and use the offensive strategy after in detail review its internal and external environment and all related factors which directly effect the company position. The following recommendations are for Emirates airlines. Operational cost of Emirates is very high only due to huge investments on technologies, aircrafts and best quality services. Emirates should control its cost and should decrease its cost through improvement and development of operations activities . Emirates should improve maintenance process, effective and efficient flight schedule of the company and better utilization of the company resources like aircrafts etc. Another way for reduction of cost is advancement in its technologies by investment in technologies and in this way cut of labour cost. For example it is strongly recommended to new installation of self check service system on all airports. In reply to the threat of low cost airlines in UAE market. Emirates should offer advance level services and control cost and this way no need to reduce the prices and in this order it should introduce its new brand as subsidiary which should be base on low cost. a subsidiary Extension in routes strongly recommended and should be special growth in tourism UAE. In this order to it should extend its route worldwide most attractive areas and Canada one of them. Joining with global alliance will help to increase its worldwide destinations in this way should offer more impressive and effective strategy for competing low cost airlines. Advancement in Information Technology is most important for progress of emirates airlines and in this order it should make contracts with E-Business Company for improving its services and increase the customer’s satisfactions. E-CRM is the latest technology and dopted by Emirates this strategy since increasing in numbers of the internet users and this way out for keep long term relation with customers. (Jiang, 2003). Eventually, Emirate’s Airlines make comprehensive analysis and review of company internal and external factors and its competitors and should develop new strategies for staying and keep good position in airline industry at this maturity time.

Jesse Jackson Essays - Jesse Jackson, Jesse Pinkman, Full House

Jesse Jackson "Up with Hope: A biography of Jesse Jackson" Dillon Press, 1986 This book is about a virtuous leader, Jesse Jackson. It explains how he grew up in a hard time for blacks and how he was committed to being somebody. When Jesse was a little boy his grandmother urged him saying, "Jesse, promise me you'll be somebody." The Reverend Jesse Jackson understood the power of hope. Jesse's childhood was tough for him. His mother and father weren't married when she had Jesse and the community's disapproval was felt. Another reason for the tough times in Jesse's growing up was the discrimination against blacks. The tough times never got in Jesse's way; he was destined to be somebody. Jesse had several jobs while he was growing up, to keep him off of the streets, earning extra money for the clothing he liked to wear. His first job was at the age of six, he worked in the wood and coal yards owned by his grandfather. He also was very active in his schooling, always trying to better himself and learn new things. When he was twelve years old he joined the reading club at the County Library for the Colored, where Jesse found books to satisfy his curiosity and his love for words. Jesse was also involved with sports and other activities. When he was in high school he was always running for all the class offices and any leadership position, because of his smarts and ways with the crowd he was usually the one to win the positions. Jesse graduated tenth in his class and went off to college to the University of Illinois on an athletic scholarship. He was offered six thousand dollars a year to join the New York Giants, but he felt that he should better his education. When Jesse got to Illinois he found that segregation was as bad there as in the south. He was only allowed to play certain positions because of his race, he wanted to play quarterback but that was only for the whites. By the end of his freshmen year he transferred to another school, North Carolina Agriculture and Technical State College (A&T), a small all-black school. Jesse was quick to join the action around his new school. While Jesse attended college at North Carolina A&T, he joined many clubs and began to act in the civil rights movement. After Jesse Jackson graduated from college he did political work in North Carolina. He spent several weeks with Noah, Junior, his father's son, while brooding about his future. He was trying to decide whether he should become a minister just like his grandfather or if he should further his education. He later decided to study to become a minister. While Jesse was studying to become a minister he led several of civil rights movements and spoke with many people. He worked with Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. on several operations. After Dr. King was assassinated he formed his own organization helping out African-Americans. Analysis This book shows a good example of leadership. Jesse Jackson was always trying to better himself and become somebody. He always did what he thought was right trying to help out others. If you believe in something it can be done. Jesse Jackson wanted to be somebody and that was just what he did, he became somebody. He fought for what was right and did a lot for the black communities. In a way you could Jesse Jackson is a hero. He did a lot in helping the civil rights movement and making things better for African-Americans. Many people admire the things he has accomplished.

Cheetah essays

Cheetah essays The cheetahs distinguishing marks are the long teardrop shaped lines on each side of the nose from the corner of its eyes to its mouth. There are no spots on its white belly, and the tail has spots, which merge to form dark rings at the end. Distinctive individual ring patterns on the tail enable the identification of specific cheetahs. An adult cheetah weighs 80-140 lb., is about 32 in. tall at the shoulder and 48-56 in. long with another 28-32 in. in the tail. Males are a little larger than females. Of all the big cats, the cheetahs have the least strength and as a result they are often killed. The Cheetah is most famous for its speed and can accelerate from zero to 40 mph in three strides and to full speed of 70 mph in seconds. As the cheetah runs, only one foot at a time touches the ground. There are two points, in its 20 to 25 foot stride when no feet touch the ground. The cheetah can run only 400 to 600 yards before it is exhausted at this time it is extremely vulnerable to other predators, which may not only steal its prey, but attack it as well. Its body is narrow, lightweight with long, slender feet and legs, and specialized muscles, which act simultaneously for high acceleration and allowing greater swing to the limbs. Its hip and shoulder girdles swivel on a flexible spine that curves up and down, as the limbs are alternately bunched up and then extended when running, giving greater reach to the legs. The cheetahs long and muscular tail acts as a stabilizer for balance to counteract its body. The cheetah is the only cat with short, blunt semi non-retractable claw s that help grip the ground for traction when running. Their paws are less rounded than the other cats, and their pads are hard, similar to tire treads, to help them in fast, sharp turns. Cheetahs are distributed primarily throughout the drier parts of Africa. They are ...

7 Steps to Develop a LinkedIn Profile That Will Get You Noticed

7 Steps to Develop a LinkedIn Profile That Will Get You Noticed LinkedIn is a great platform that helps you to build and engage with your professional network. It allows you to create a profile that is basically a virtual resume to showcase all the work you have done throughout your  career. With these 7 steps, you can achieve the perfect LinkedIn profile in no time. Source [SocialTalent]

BMW Automobiles. BMW Demand and Supply Coursework

BMW Automobiles. BMW Demand and Supply - Coursework Example Microeconomic Analysis Demand is the willingness and the ability of consumers to buy a certain product for a certain price at a particular period. While other factors are held constant, the prices of goods and services increase as its demand increases and vice versa. Supply is the willingness of the manufacturer or the company producing then goods or services to sell the products at a given price at a given period. While other factors are held constant, the supply of goods and services will increase at an increase in price. Various demand and supply factors affect the production and sale of BMW 3 series vehicles (Flaschel, 2010, p.1). The first factor is affecting BMW’s demand and supply is consumer taste and preference. Different consumers have a varied taste and preference for the product. BMW 3 series is a mid-level luxury performance sedan. The car is also a bench marker in the market. It has played a great role in influencing the competitor’s in trying to achieve i ts class. The consumers also have their taste, which varies with the individual. The taste and preference of this car by some individual consumers is predominantly affected by its price in the market, the performance both on road and on off roads modes, the cars ability to perform, and the fuel consumption. The BMW 3 series has a relatively high fuel consumption capacity as compared to its competitors and it is better in performance than its competitors are. Secondly, consumer income affects the demand of the BMW 3 series. Consumer income is the amount that the consumer has which they are willing to invest on that commodity. The BMW 3 series retail price varies depending with the model. The lowest price for the BMW 3 series is $32,400. This price may not be affordable to many consumers. The consumer income is the greatest determiner of the demand for this product both in America and outside the American market (Flaschel, 2010, p.1). Additionally, price of substitutes and other compl ementary vehicles affects the demand of the BMW 3series cars. BMW, being a luxury mid-level vehicle, has many substitutes and complementary vehicles. An example of these substitutes is the Audi A3, Infiniti G35, Cadillac CTS, and the Acura TL. These substitutes have a relatively low price and perform equally with the BMW 3 series. The availability of these substitutes has greatly affected the consumers’ decision in determining the best car available for them. The availability of these substitutes also influences the ability of the consumer to save in comparison to what they would have used if they purchased the BMW 3series. Additionally, the BMW 3 series has been affected by the complementary goods. Complementary goods are the goods that are used alongside the product. The BMW 3 series is a relatively high consumer if gasoline in comparison to its competitors. This has hugely influenced the demand of this car (Hortacs, et al, 2010, p.1). The forth factor that has influenced t he demand of this car is the consumer expectations. The BMW 3 series car has largely met the consumers’ expectations. BMW is actually an envy of many people, which has also increased the demand of this vehicle. The BMW 3 series is a great performer both on road and on off road modes. This has enabled it to have an innovative over the others in the market. The BMW also produces high quality vehicles that are not prone to damages as compared to it

Developing Business Information System Solutions Essay - 1

Developing Business Information System Solutions - Essay Example On the other hand in the market, Allocative Efficiency would be reached when the quantity demanded by the consumers equal the quantity supplied by the producer at a market price of Pm. It may be noted that this price is equal to the price at which the individual firm is supplying (Pindyck and Rubinfeld, 2001, p. 424). Here the quantity Q1 is the total quantity supplied by all the identical firms in the market producing homogeneous products. Due to technological progress all the firms modify their production process and may be supplying at a lower cost. Hence any firm that operates in this market has to keep up with the technological progress in order to meet the consumer demand and restrain from being driven out of the market due to competition. This phenomenon is Dynamic Efficiency that is achieved because all the firms continuously upgrade their technology of production. Answer 2 a) In a monopolistically competitive market there are a large number of producers each producing a diff erentiated product and the price and quantity produced is decided by the producers (price makers) entirely based on the cost of production. The demand curve faced by the firm in such a market is downward sloping because the firms can change its price independently. Now in the short run, equilibrium will be reached at a point where MR=MC i.e. at the price P1 the firm will supply the quantity q1 and the cost that will be incurred where the average cost curve cuts the line aq1 i.e. at the price p2. Therefore, the firm earns a super normal profit of p1p2ba which is depicted by the shaded area (Boyes and Melvin, 2012, p.168). In the long run, new firms enter in to the market. This makes the demand curve more elastic. Thus the price of the individuals firms come down eventually. This process continues till the point where all the firms only earn normal profits. At the point E equilibrium is achieved where the AC curve is tangent to the AR=D curve. The price at which the firm supplies is P * and the quantity is q*. Only normal profits are earned in the long run. b) Both in the long run and in the short run, efficiency is not achieved in monopolistic competition. Most firms produce with excess capacity in such a market i.e. output at which profit is maximised is less than the minimum AC output and hence productive efficiency is not achieved. Again the firm charges a P that is greater than MC as the demand curve faced is downward sloping. Hence Allocative Efficiency is not achieved. Answer 3 In a situation of a natural monopoly a particular firm operating in the market has such a cost advantage over the other firms that it is able to provide goods at a price that is much lower than what the other firms are offering. This drives the other firms out of the competition and the single firm remains with the monopolistic control of the market. A situation of natural monopoly is shown above. A monopolist would optimise at the point where MR=MC and would thus charge a very high price of Pm where market demand would be met. Now the perfectly competitive firm would reach equilibrium at the point where P=AR=MC. When the government fixes a price at Pfr, the monopolist is forced to charge a lower price and the firm breaks even at the point where ATC=AR. So if there was no regulation, the monopolist would produce much less and have more producers’ surplus (Hicks, 1939, p. 129). In this case the amount is much less. Answer 4 a) Externality is a situation in which the

Death by Cell Phone Essay Example for Free

Death by Cell Phone Essay The newspapers are replete with scores of vehicular accidents. One reads of how a delivery van careens off the railing of a skyway and lands on top of a passenger bus underneath, crushing several people to death. Another article will be about a cargo truck losing its brakes and running through the red light at a busy intersection and in the process slams broadside into private vehicle. Still another might be of an SUV that crashes against a flimsy construction barrier and lands into a deep excavation †¦. Poor maintenance, lack of defensive driving skills, and carelessness probably account for these accidents. Now, another one can be added to this list of causes: driving while using a cell phone. This is about as commonplace as finding chewing gum under a movie theater seat but certainly, much more dangerous. Availability has determined usage; if it is there – even while driving – use it, is the motto. One wonders how the ‘’civilized’’ world fared without the cell phone. But for some reason or another it did. It was not too long ago that the Spanish galleons took over 3 months of sailing to deliver a letter from Spain to the colonies. And how the roundtrip – the time it took for this same letter to be answered – might have taken anywhere from 6 months to a year. Fast forward to today and the thought of leaving a ringing cell phone unanswered for a few minutes– even while driving – is unthinkable. One can argue that the case against using cell phones while driving is exaggerated; after all there are ‘’hands-free’’ cell phones that allow one to use the cell phone and drive at the same time. We are, after all, multi-taskers, it is argued. While this facility is available, how many do in fact use ‘’hands-free’’ cell phoning. Next time you are on the expressway or freeway, check. While you are at this, also find out how many use the cell phones: those coming at you, those to your left, those to your right, those behind you. Is it 1 in 10? 2 in 10? More? Actuarial scientists will probably advise you to raise your insurance coverage or perhaps even suggest that you start taking another form of transportation (e. g. the subway or some such) even if 1 in 10 of these motorists used the cell phone while driving. It might be argued that the ‘’risk’’ of getting into a vehicular accident while using the cell phone is over-rated? Is it? Consider the statistics: how fast is the average speed on an expressway? How many are using cell phones? How many seconds – or micro-seconds – does it take to initiate an accident? If the answers are that the average speed on an expressway is 60 mph, that at any given time there are more than 1 in 10 using a cell phone and that accidents can occur in the blink of an eye†¦well the answer becomes deathly obvious. An act that has previously been regarded as a remote possibility now assumes the prospect of a distinct probability. All too often, when we read of these things we deal with them by insulating ourselves with anesthetic reassurances that the likelihood is remote, that this are the dire warnings of alarmists, that it cannot happen to us – after all, we are not as ‘’careless’’ as the others. All that can be said in answer to this is that do not let the morgues and cemeteries get crowded with like-minded motorists. It is not too late to stop using the cell phone while driving. Resist answering that phone; it is probably not that important. It can wait. Your life and those of others depend on it

Analysis of The Day of the Locust by Nathanael West Essay -- The Day o

Analysis of The Day of the Locust by Nathanael West Nathanael West’s The Day of the Locust tells the story of people who have come to California in search of the American Dream. They travel west hoping to escape less than perfect lives and pursue success in Hollywood. The characters in this novel dream of a life of luxury, having lots of money, and living happily ever after. They eventually come to the realization that the seemingly picture perfect life that California represents is not as easy to attain as they once thought. The characters in The Day of the Locust grow discontented and disappointed with their lives and embittered towards the world, which instigates the downfall of this lower level of Hollywood society. Todd Hackett, Faye Greener, and Homer Simpson all depict failed attempts to achieve the American Dream. Todd Hackett is a main character who lives with the continuous threat of failure while he attempts to fulfill his personal dreams amongst the lower classes of Hollywood. Hackett comes to California hoping for a career designing movie scenery, but he faces many obstacles that he must overcome before he can move up in the Hollywood society. Todd’s life begins to go downhill as he associates more frequently with the lower levels of Hollywood society. This prevents him from climbing the ladder of fame which he so desperately aspires to accomplish. He is shown a darker side of Hollywood which plays with his emotions and distracts him from h...

Is the Successful Reform of the United Nations Security

Reform of the United Nations Security Council has the support of the majority of the member states; theoretically, there is consensus on the issue. Ideas for reform include expansion of the number of permanent members of the Security Council and extending the veto powers currently held by the permanent members. However, this consensus has so far proved illusory, because agreement only exists in a vague form. When the debate is teased out it emerges that there is a lot of differing views on what reforms should take place and which states they should include. This essay aims to argue that UNSC reform is not possible because no consensus exists on who enlargement should include and whether the P-5 should remain the only veto holders. It is the intention of this essay to tiptoe through this political minefield and ultimately to argue that the Security Council must become more representative – that more members should be admitted to better reflect the world and the diverse opinions therein. The purpose of the United Nations is to bring the states of the world together in one place to resolve international issues and there can be no greater issue than that of security; it is imperative that the UNSC reflects world opinion not a minority of states. The proposed ideas for reform are mainly concerning expansion of the UNSC’s membership. It is argued by many that the power wielded by the P-5 is disproportionate and that this does not fairly reflect the world. As Kofi Annan stated: â€Å"in the eyes of much of the world, the size and composition of the Security Council appear insufficiently representative. (Annan 2002, quoted by Fassbender 2004, p. 341). Latin America, Africa and large parts of Asia and the Caribbean all lack a permanent member and that leaves these regions underrepresented in terms of UNSC security policy. It is felt that permanent membership and crucially the veto should be extended to states from these regions of the world. That no longer should the P-5 have such a crucial say in the security of the world, that these powers should be opened up to other states in other parts of the world. The other criticisms of the UNSC P-5 are that although they were the preminent powers in 1945 this is no longer the case. This criticism largely falls upon the UK and France and Russia who in 1945 were global empires but now longer are nowhere near as powerful and influential as they used to be. That there are now many states in the world that can equal the economic and military powers of the UK, France and Russia. It is argued that the UNSC should better represent the great powers of today rather than those of over sixty years ago. There is some consensus and support for the idea of expansion. However, many states put forward provisos with their messages of support. The United States is concerned that new members should be economically powerful with a large population and has a solid history in terms of democracy and human rights. The joint British-French statement argued the need for representation for Africa and quizzically did not put forward an African candidate and instead named their choices; Germany, Brazil, India and Japan (Joint UK- France Declaration, 2008). India expressed the need for the UNSC to also include developing states and that increase of permanent and non-permanent members was necessary. (India and the United Nations; UN Reform. ) Brazil argued that the UNSC does not represent today’s world and the limited number of states in its current composition was not a multilateral approach. The debate about veto reform is a non event as none of the P-5 will accept any reform to their veto rights (Rath, 2006, p. 59). There does not seem any way the P-5 could be stripped off the veto without their compliance and without a fundamental change in attitude, veto reform is impossible. The question of who should become new members of an enlarged Security Council is a very divisive issue. For every likely candidate there are several detractors as well as supporters. The most prominent candidates for becoming permanent members are the G-4 consisting of Japan, Germany, India and Brazil. These four are all seen as contributing generously to the UN and all have either large populations or economies. However, the most fundamental criticism of the G-4 is that it although it does expand the Council it still neglects a permanent seat for an African state. It also further weighs the Security Council with more industrialised rich countries (Bourantonis, 2005, p. 69). The group Uniting for Consensus actively argues against the accession of the G-4 to the UNSC and instead argues for an increase of non-permanent members. Uniting for Consensus is often seen as being driven by member states regional rivalries; Italy’s opposition to Germany’s bid is one example. Indeed, all of the G-4 have opponents, in South American it is argued primarily by Argentina that Portuguese speaking Brazil can not represent the rest of the Spanish speaking continent. Not all the criticisms of these candidates are to do with regional rivalries; the US was publicly supportive of Germany’s bid but the souring of relations over Iraq prompted Washington to change policy (Fassbender, 2004, p. 342). The issue of who supports who and why is a complicated issue but these examples stand to show that there is very little consensus amongst states about who might join a reformed UNSC and is the reason reform debate is so deadlocked. Reform of the Security Council is possible but will be very difficult; selecting members for expansion will prove divisive in international politics. The desirability of reform has been covered to some extent above with the need to better represent the world in the Security Council but the main issue for debate in this regard is the effect expansion could have on the workings of the UNSC. The argument against expansion conceptually posits that a Security Council with too many members loses its executive function. That the whole idea of this tier of the UN system is to have a few powerful and influential states to act together decisively. Thus enlargement -particularly of the veto- would cause more division among UNSC members and render the Council prone to deadlock, based on the simple logic that it is easier to get a smaller group to agree collectively than it is a larger group. The oft cited example is the failings of the League of Nations which was constantly paralysed by the need for unanimity among members to act (Weiss, 2003, p. 148). Although conceptually it is easy to argue this case, it does require some qualification with examples and there is an argument to be made that the UNSC is not at the moment a decisive body which has little to do with its size (Lund, 2010). Whether enlargement would make the UNSC more or less efficient depends upon whether we consider the current incarnation to be so. A better argument for enlargement not making the Council a committee was made by the German diplomat Dr. Gunter Pleuger, stating that enlargement of NATO had not made that body less effective which now include one more state, 26 than the proposed UNSC increase to 25 (Pleuger, 2005). This is a good example of an international body being able to act in concert whilst having a large membership, but NATO and the UN are very different. NATO members all share sympathetic policy goals and to some extent would consider themselves allies. However, the present P-5 alone or with the G-4 are not allies in great sense and although they might all support the idea of international peace and security they would have a much larger difference of viewpoint on conflicts than NATO. In conclusion, reform of the Security Council would require substantial work to be achieved and does risk souring of relations around the world. The prospect that the veto will be abolished seems very remote, whether new permanent members might have the veto extended to them is tied up with the question of the possibility of enlargement. So many factors remain to be agreed over reform, expansion is not possible without widespread consensus over the shape and size of a new Security Council. If those debates were resolved then the world could look to deciding candidates, another set of hard choices. To definitively state that reform is possible or is not possible is in itself impossible. There are arguments to be made for and against reform, we will have to wait and see what happens. Perhaps the more important part of the question is the desirability of reform, this in its vague sense does have some consensus in international politics. There does need to be a widening of the members of the Security Council; it does need to better represent the world. How this can be effectively implemented is where the debate really starts. The prospect of a deadlocked Security Council, paralysed by a lack of consensus among members is not desirable. Certainly, the simple solution to this would be to abolish the veto and rely upon a majority vote to pass resolutions, however this is not even vaguely a possibility. It is quite possible that an enlarged Security Council could be able to act decisively but it would certainly be a risky experiment and is therefore too much of a risk to take seriously. Desirable reform of the Security Council would require an overhaul and rethink of the whole system. Bibliography http://www.globalpolicy.org/component/content/article/228-topics/48674-pros-and-cons-of-security-council-reform.html

Nelson Mandela Character Analysis

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was born on July 18th, 1918 and recently died on December 5th 2013. He was born in Eastern Cape, South Africa. Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa (father) Nonqaphi Nosekeni (mother) were both Christians, therefore so was Mr Mandela. His father Gadla was the head chief in his community. The strengths his father would have needed were to speak up for his people, have courage, be caring, be supportive of his community, strong, powerful worker, a good communicator and well educated. His father had all them. As Nelson Mandela was growing up he would have looked up to his father alot. Most young boys while growing up would usually look up to their father as most see them as their role model and the most amazing person in the world. As his father was such an important person, young Mandela would have been inspired to be just like his father. As both his parents were a both Christians Nelson Mandela was sent to Methodist school that provided him with very good education as he was the son of the chief. Nelson Mandela’s father and childhood have affected his PIES alot.As he was the son of the chief Nelson would have had access to the best his people could have gotten at the time. Also, because his father was the chief, he had a good education; he went to school (both primary and secondary), a college and university. As he was growing up the bond between him and his father would have been really strong as he would have looked up to his father as a role model. When his father passed away when he was 11, along with being heartbroken, it would have made him more passionate about being more like the man his father was.This would have included him being more kind, speaking up for people, being more caring and supportive, become a better communicator and being educated. Finally as he was the chief’s son he would have been popular within the kids in his community. This would have also boosted his confidence in being around alot of people and also sp eaking to alot of people and getting his opinion heard.Secondary Socialisation Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela went to a primary school in Qunu where his teacher gave him the name Nelson, in accordance with the custom to give all students ‘Christian’ names. He then went to complete his junior certificate at Clarkebury boarding institute and went on to Healdtown, a Weslayan secondary  school of some repute, where matriculated.Nelson Mandela began his studies for a Bachelor of Arts degree at the University College of Fort Hare but did not complete the degree there as he was expelled for joining in a student protest. He completed his BA through the University of South Africa and went back to Fort Hare for his graduation in 1943. Nelson Mandela’s education influenced him to join the African National Congress as he was a lawyer and wanted equality. Sp he joined the A.F.C in hope to bring equality in Africa. South African GovernmentAs a result of Apartheid many people live s where changed in many ways including the following. The Group Areas act of 1950 controlled where people could live. The Black people were driven into small town quite far away from city centres; however their jobs were still in these cities and white suburbs. Bus fares were expensive and catching public transport everyday was expensive and caused hardship and depression for the black people. The Bantu education act meant the black students were disadvantaged with their education system in South Africa is now far worse than under apartheid.Overall, they were kept away from white people and had no rights at all and had worse facilities and weren’t allowed to use non-coloured facilities. Also they weren’t allowed to answer or fight back to verbal or physical abuse! So When Nelson’s attempts at a peaceful protest failed he went underground but continued to protest secretly and set fire to a government building. His trial was so long to keep him occupied rather tha n him organising more protests. Eventually, when Nelson was in prison he was forced to do hard labour in limestone quarries along with all the other inmates at the prison. Meanwhile Nelson’s supporters were still protesting. When they protested the government shot at them and as a result of the shootings 69 people died.Also, some of the leaders of countries were sentenced to prison or have had to be exiled. The South African Government have also influenced Nelson Mandela’s PIES. His physical health would have affected when he was put into prison for 27 years. In prison he was forced to do hard labour in limestone quarries, and wasn’t given the food he would have needed to sustain a healthy lifestyle. Also, in prison he would have had to go to the toilet in a small bucket in the corner of his very small cell. This would have also caused him to have some health problem.Going to  prison would have influenced his intellectual health as well. Beside going out of hi s cell to work, he would have also had alot of ‘alone time’ in which he would have thought about what he was fighting for, and what he may have been planning to do once, and if he ever was released. As he was in orison he would have been away from his wife and kids as he was serving his time in prison. He would have also been kept away from the other inmates, and probably had only seen them whilst working in the quarry.Nelson’s Supporters & Wife To show their anger about Mandela being kept in prison they burnt down government buildings, held more protests and complained all the time. When supporters protested in South Africa they got shot down, beaten and put in prison. Many people got involved in campaigning for Nelson’s freedom including his wife, the British Priminister, pop singers, leaders from around the world and many sports players. There were many methods used to campaign for Mandela’s freedom such as pop concerts, speeches, and not doing b usiness with South Africa. Having supporters who supported and cared for him whilst he was in prison would have helped him not to give up, and still have hope and keep strong.They would have also influenced him to still have faith in his dream for South Africa. His emotional health would have been influenced by his supporters as he would have been re-assured knowing that what he was going through is doing something, and it’s not all for no reason. The biggest influence on his physical health was parents (mainly the father). I think this because as he was the son of the chief he would have had greater access to medical needs and he would have had proper food. This was because the people in his community would have all looked up to him. His father had an important role in their community.The biggest influence on his intellectual health was his teachers starting from primary school going on all the way to university. This is because, they would have taught him most of everything he had learnt, and would have equipped his brain to work out problems, and what do to with the issues he came across in the most effective ways that are sure to end in the results he would have wanted. The biggest influence on his emotional health would have been his supporters as they would have helped him keep faith in what he wanted to achieve. Also the fact that they all looked up to him would have guided him to work harder for  his ‘fans’ and try his best to help the out.Another influence on his emotional health would have been the government. As they weren’t doing anything about the apartheid other than supporting it, they would have made Mandela feel angry, and upset therefore making him strive to change the way everything was to make it a better place. Also there was a poem called ‘Invictus’ that he said helped him to overcome his anger and still think positively even when he was in jail. He also said that, the poem helped him regain any h ope in himself that had been lost. The biggest influence on his social health would have again been the government. I think this because; being put into prison significantly influenced the time he got to spend with his friends and family, and who he was allowed to spend time with.Conclusion I’ve put the Primary and Secondary Socialisation agents in order of how much they influenced the person who Nelson Mandela became. 1. South African Government 2. His Supporters 3. School 4. ‘Invictus’ (the poem) This is the order I’ve put them. Firstly the government which allowed the apartheid to happen first made Nelson Mandela angry and allowed him to attempt to make a change. Also when he was put in prison as a result of all the protesting, being alone for most of the time in there gave him the opportunity to reflect on everything that has happened and gave him the chance to think of what he want to do in the future.Having an education helped Mandela as they provide d him with the ability to think about how issues can be resolved in many ways. They also provided Mandela with the basic knowledge needed for Mandela to become a lawyer, which then led onto him becoming part of the A.F.C. Finally, the poem helped him alot in his time in prison as it helped lift his spirit and when he felt down.

The 20 Best Graphic Design Schools in the US

The 20 Best Graphic Design Schools in the US SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Graphic designers are involved in nearly everything we look at, watch, or read, from the designs on books, to the way websites navigate, to halftime commercials, to logos on business cards. Graphic designers are the visual wizards who make sure every concert poster and app user interface has an impact and communicates a desired message. If this sounds appealing to you, you might wonder how you can become a graphic designer. Well, you go to school! In this article, I’ll discuss what a graphic design program is, how I created this list, the best graphic design schools, and how to choose the right program for you. What Is a Graphic Design School? Graphic design, or communication design, is the use of image, text, and media to convey information or ideas. Graphic designers are strategic communicators who design advertisements, book jackets, posters, websites, app interfaces, publishing layouts, album art, logos, and so on and so forth. If you’re creative and innovative, particularly if you’re also interested in technology, graphic design may be a good option for you. To become a professional graphic designer, you’ll need a strong portfolio of work to show potential employers, which you could theoretically do on your own or by getting an associate degree. But if you want a fully fleshed-out college experience, a guaranteed strong portfolio, and ready-made industry connections, consider getting a BA or BFA in graphic design or communications design (the name and specific degree type depends on the school). Graphic design programs can be found both at art schools and as departments within larger universities. They're even found at some technical schools! This list includes graphic design programs of all types, but all are great places to get a graphic design education and to learn the skills you need to launch a design career. Ranking Methodology for Graphic Design Schools How did I compile these graphic design school rankings? First, I found as many lists of the best graphic design schools that I could possibly find. I eliminated ones that seemed to come from less reliable or less reputable sources (like personal blogs) or that were already aggregated lists from other sources (since they would be redundant). This left me with rankings from all kinds of sources with all kinds of data- trade magazines, alumni rankings, student satisfaction, and so on. US News and World Report does not rank undergraduate graphic design programs but does have data on freshman retention rates, which I also factored in. All of the rankings were preliminarily averaged. Schools were then ranked based on average score, how many lists they appeared in (so a school that appeared in spots 5 and 6 on two lists but appeared on no others didn’t necessarily beat a school that appeared in spots 7, 8, 7, and 8 on four lists). Freshman retention rates were used to break ties in close calls. Overall, the rankings reflect a fairly holistic measure of prestige/name recognition, student satisfaction, alumni valuation of the program, and return-on-investment. Was this layout designed by a master graphic design student? You decide. The Best Graphic Design Schools Here are the 20 top graphic design programs. Included with each entry is the school's location, information about the school, its acceptance rate, and the degrees offered. All acceptance rates are for fall 2019 unless otherwise noted. I’ve linked to our admissions requirements pages for all of these schools, but these pages are mostly focused on GPA and test scores. Keep in mind that when applying to a graphic design program, a strong portfolio of your past creative work will likely be more important than grades or GPA. Best Overall Programs These are programs with high name recognition, consistently high rankings, and notable faculty and alumni. Rhode Island School of Design (RISD) - Providence, Rhode Island RISD is essentially the Harvard of art schools in terms of name recognition and famous alumni (including, but not limited to, the founders of Airbnb, animator/comedian Seth MacFarlane, actor James Franco, and fashion designers Nicole Miller and Jill Stuart). Alumni have also received a number of MacArthur â€Å"genius† grants. If you attend RISD, you can expect well-funded programs and faculty in the very top of their disciplines. It’s unsurprising, then, that RISD was consistently at the top of school rankings for graphic design. It’s one of the most competitive schools on this list and has a strongly established, well-known graphic design program. Students apply to RISD overall and do not select a major until midway through their first year of study. Graphic Design is one of the largest undergraduate departments at RISD, with about 165 students. Students graduate with a BFA degree. See here for our expert admissions requirements for RISD. Acceptance Rate: 29% Degree Offered: BFA in Graphic Design Parsons School of Design (The New School) - Manhattan, New York Parsons is another school with a lot of name recognition and top-notch faculty, and they consistently appear at the top of best-program rankings. In 2019 the school was named the best design school in the United States by QS World University Rankings, and the third-best in the world, largely in recognition of its interdisciplinary focus on the nuts-and-bolts technical and the design-functional. The school's four-year BFA program in Communication Design (a graphic design equivalent) has placed alumni at Google, Facebook, and New York Magazine, and has also produced a healthy crop of entrepreneurs and freelancers. See here for our expert admissions requirements for Parsons. Acceptance Rate: 35% (The New School) Degree Offered: BFA in Communication Design The Pratt Institute - Brooklyn, New York The Pratt Institute is another prestigious program located on a historic campus in Brooklyn, NY. They are invested in a philosophy of â€Å"poetic pragmatism,† in which artistic vision is married with practical skills. Many faculty are working professionals in their fields who teach part-time. The Pratt Institute offers a BFA in Communications Design- an interdisciplinary program focusing on advertising, illustration, and graphic design (you choose to focus on one of the three areas). Alumni praise the program for preparing them for careers in their fields and for its innovative and boundary-pushing focus. See here for our expert admissions requirements for the Pratt Institute. Acceptance Rate: 57% Degree Offered: BFA in Communication Design Hey, maybe you'll cross this bridge to get to Pratt! Highly Regarded Programs These programs are well-resourced and well-known in the industry. Many offer their own unique spin on graphic design or have a special focus not found at many other institutions. ArtCenter College of Design - Pasadena, California The ArtCenter’s undergraduate program in graphic design gives extensive training in both old and new media, creating well-rounded practitioners with skills spanning all areas of graphic design as a discipline. The ArtCenter encourages an experimental and socially conscious approach. The school also offers a great return-on-investment, with alumni making higher salaries than graduates from peer institutions. Graduates end up in a variety of industries and fields; alumni currently work for many diverse companies, such as Nike and NASA. See here for our expert admissions requirements for the ArtCenter College of Design. Acceptance Rate: 70% Degree Offered: BFA in Graphic Design Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. Maryland Institute College of Art (MICA) - Baltimore, Maryland MICA has a modern, urban campus in Baltimore and offers a craft-focused BFA in Graphic Design that aims to develop both your creativity and your skill with technology. MICA also offers liberal arts minors like Gender Studies and Critical Theory. Additionally, it has a unique interdisciplinary BFA program in humanistic studies, allowing you to combine your graphic design education with an interdisciplinary focus on the liberal arts and humanities. See our expert admissions requirements for MICA here. Acceptance Rate: 64% Degree Offered: BFA in Graphic Design California Institute of the Arts (CalArts) - Valencia, Santa Clarita, California If you dream of attending an art school founded by Walt Disney, CalArts is for you. Disney envisioned CalArts as a place where students from all artistic disciplines could develop in a collaborative, workshop-centered environment. The BFA Graphic Design program is fairly small, with only about 12-20 new students each year. Many alumni go on to work for film, television, and major tech companies. If Hollywood’s calling you, CalArts could be a great choice! See here for our expert admissions requirements for California Institute of the Arts. Acceptance Rate: 33% Degree Offered: BFA in Graphic Design Carnegie Mellon School of Design - Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania You might be surprised to see a big research university known for its engineering program on a graphic design list. But don’t be! Carnegie Mellon has an innovative approach to the study and craft of graphic design; alumni praise the program’s integration of the artistic points of design with advanced technologies. Instead of a BFA, the Carnegie Mellon school of design offers a BDes, or Bachelor of Design. It also offers an interdisciplinary degree in design combined with another course of study of a student’s choice, which should be very appealing to students with multiple interests. Finally, it's a great choice if you want an art-school education but a big research university experience. Overall, Carnegie Mellon provides a cutting-edge, strong foundation for design careers. See here for our expert admissions requirements for Carnegie Mellon (note that this is for Carnegie Mellon overall, and the different subschools may have slightly different requirements). Acceptance Rate: 17% Degree Offered: Bachelor of Design (BDes) School of Visual Arts- Manhattan, New York The School of Visual Arts offers a BFA in Graphic Design, with the option to specialize in graphic design in fields like package design, website design, book jacket design, and so on. Alumni have praised the school’s amazing networking opportunities- SVA has a robust internship program, holds professional-level exhibitions of student work, and sends compilations of graduating student work to industry giants every year in the Senior Library. SVA is a good choice if your primary concern is being commercially marketable and networking; it might not be the school for you if you're interested in the practice of design on an artistic and/or theoretical level. See here for our expert admissions requirements for the School of Visual Arts. Acceptance Rate: 72% Degree Offered: BFA in Graphic Design Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD) - Savannah, Georgia Savannah College of Art and Design is unusually large for an art school, with over 11,000 students enrolled. You can get a BA in Visual Communication (with a focus on graphic design) or a BFA in Graphic Design, so your options are flexible. Professors have significant industry experience, and you’ll have a chance to study abroad at SCAD’s global campuses in Hong Kong or Lacoste, France. Overall, SCAD is a solid design school that offers lots of opportunities for motivated students. See here for our expert admissions requirements for Savannah College of Art and Design. Acceptance Rate: 72% Degrees Offered: BA in Visual Communication, BFA in Graphic Design At SCAD, you could have access to these trees all the time! Virginia Commonwealth University - Richmond, Virginia This is another great choice if you want the art-school chops with the big university experience: VCU is a large public university with more than 30,000 students. VCU offers a BFA in Graphic Design- but you have to complete the â€Å"Art Foundation† sequence before you can apply into the major. See here for our expert admissions requirements for Virginia Commonwealth University. Acceptance Rate: 81% Degree Offered: BFA in Graphic Design Is Hollywood beckoning? Well-Regarded Programs This section includes some big-name art schools whose graphic design programs aren’t quite as well established as their other programs as well as some up-and-coming graphic design programs that are just now gaining steam. Otis College of Art and Design - Los Angeles, CA The BFA program in graphic design at Otis is located in the Communication Design department, which also houses programs in illustration and advertising design. Otis primarily prepares its graduates to work in the professional sphere; past graphic design graduates have worked for Apple, Anthropologie, Conde Nast, Disney, Interscope Records, Mattel, Sony, and Target. It’s a good choice for students who’d like to do design work for major companies and are interested in some of the more commercial aspects of graphic design. See here for our expert admissions requirements for Otis College of Art and Design. Acceptance Rate: 94% Degree Offered: BFA in Communication Design, graphic design focus University of Cincinnati College of Design, Architecture, Art and Planning - Cincinnati, Ohio If you’re looking to combine the experience of attending a large NCAA division-1 school with a high-quality design program and want to have a chance to take courses in many different disciplines, the University of Cincinnati’s College of Design, Architecture, Art and Planning might be a good fit for you! Unlike many other programs, which offer a BFA, the University of Cincinnati offers a BS in Communication Design as their graphic design degree. Many students go on to work in the healthcare industry, for governments, or for NGOs. So if you’re interested in design in those fields, this school is an excellent choice. See here for our expert admissions requirements for University of Cincinnati (note that this applies to the school as a whole and not specifically to the College of Design, Architecture, Art and Planning). Acceptance Rate: 73% (whole university) Degree Offered: BS in Communication Design California College of the Arts (CCA) - Oakland, CA CCA offers a BFA in Graphic Design that prepares students to work in multiple design disciplines. It also has a robust internship program for fourth-year students that guarantees you’ll graduate with hands-on, real-world professional experience. Additionally, CCA has a focus on social justice-oriented and socially conscious design practice. Essentially, students get a little bit of everything: a wide skill set, professional experience, and social consciousness. See here for our expert admissions requirements for California College of the Arts. Acceptance Rate: 81% Degree Offered: BFA in Graphic Design Yale University School of Art- New Haven, Connecticut If you want an Ivy League education as well as excellent preparation to work as a graphic designer, Yale is the dream school for you! Students major in art with a specialization in graphic design and receive a BA degree. Interested students should be aware that they will need to apply for admission to the major in their sophomore year. As with many other programs at Yale, the graphic design program is very focused on the craft and theory of design as opposed to its more practical and commercial applications. Therefore, this program is best for students whose interests are academic and artistic as opposed to technical and/or commercial. See here for our expert admissions requirements for Yale University. Acceptance Rate: 7% (whole university) Degree Offered: BA in Art specializing in graphic design Plus, Yale also has snowy New England winters. College for Creative Studies - Detroit, Michigan The College for Creative Studies offers a BFA in Graphic Design. They have a unique focus on â€Å"experience design,† or immersive, multimedia design experiences. If this interests you, CCS is the place to go, as programs focused on experience design are few and far between. CCS also has an institution-wide focus on community engagement. Graphic design alumni have worked for Dreamworks, Google, Nike, Disney, Fox, Microsoft, and universities and libraries. Many have founded their own design firms, too. See here for our expert admissions requirements for the College for Creative Studies. Acceptance Rate: 39% Degree Offered: BFA in Graphic Design School of the Art Institute of Chicago (SAIC)- Chicago, IL School of the Art Institute is the school associated with Chicago’s notable Art Institute museum. SAIC offers a BFA in Visual Communication Design, with a focus on both physical and virtual design mediums. The department facilitates student freelance work and internships to ensure that students graduate with real professional experience. The department also hosts an annual lecture series of visiting designers doing innovative work in the field. And, of course, the campus is located in the heart of downtown Chicago, a city home to many cultural and art institutions. See here for our expert admissions requirements for the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. Acceptance Rate: 71% Degree Offered: BFA in Visual Communication Design Also, Chicago has the bean- I mean, Cloud Gate. Solid Programs At these schools, name recognition is on the lower side, but you’ll get a solid educational foundation from which to launch your graphic design career. Ringling College of Art and Design - Sarasota, FL Ringling doesn’t have quite the name recognition of many schools further up on this list, but it does have a solid, well-rounded program. The school offers a BFA in Graphic Design that aims to turn students into â€Å"visual storytellers.† Students have the opportunity to study abroad in Europe during their time at Ringling. In addition, alumni have won prestigious industry awards and work for Instagram, LinkedIn, Yahoo, Birchbox, Trader Joe’s, and leading design firms. See here for our expert admissions requirements for Ringling College of Art and Design. Acceptance Rate: 78% Degree Offered: BFA in Graphic Design University of the Arts (UArts) - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania The BFA program in Graphic Design at UArts trains students in both old and new media. Students have the chance to work on real-world, practical projects based in the wider Philadelphia area as part of their coursework. The department also hosts an annual Spring Workshop with renowned guest faculty on design topics. This is another program whose focus is more on the practical and commercial than the artistic and theoretical. See here for our expert admissions requirements for University of the Arts. Acceptance Rate: 74% Degree Offered: BFA in Graphic Design Academy of Art University- San Francisco, CA Academy of Art University’s BFA in Graphic Design is focused on the â€Å"intersection between art and commerce.† There’s also a focus on professional preparedness and creative and marketing competencies. Overall, this school is more about giving you actionable workforce skills and connections than developing your refined artistic sensibilities as a designer. See here for our expert admissions requirements for Academy of Art University. Acceptance Rate: 100% (open admissions) Degree Offered: BFA in Graphic Design Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) - Rochester, NY The Graphic Design BFA at RIT is broad in skills education and interdisciplinary in scope. Students have unique opportunities to collaborate with other departments and disciplines on projects, particularly in technical and engineering departments. Students are also encouraged to consider â€Å"the social, ethical, and environmental impact of design.† RIT is a good option for students who are interested in the intersection between tech and design. See here for our expert admissions requirements for Rochester Institute of Technology. Acceptance Rate: 57% Degree Offered: BFA in Graphic Design Admire this very important and cutting-edge piece of graphic design. How to Choose the Right Graphic Design School for You With so many choices, it can be overwhelming to try to narrow down the field to a few programs you're really interested in. I highly recommend visiting schools, taking advantage of information sessions near you, and talking to current students and recent alumni. If you don’t know any alumni personally, try the Reddit graphic design forum! Additionally, here are some key questions to consider as you assemble your list of graphic design programs to apply to. #1: How Strong Is My Portfolio? Can I Get Into a Competitive Program? To get admitted to more competitive programs, you'll often need a strong art and design portfolio. Have you been taking art classes since you could hold a pencil, or is graphic design a relatively new interest for you? To get feedback on your portfolio, I advise taking it to any portfolio review sessions you can find. Sometimes art schools send representatives around the country to review student portfolios at portfolio review fairs, where you can get feedback from many schools in one day on how your portfolio stacks up and what you can do to strengthen it. Otherwise, try contacting your local art and design school to try to get portfolio feedback and a clearer sense of how competitive your portfolio might be. #2: Am I More Interested in the Artistic or Commercial Side of Design? Some programs, like the one at Yale, are much more concerned with the lofty and artistic side of graphic design and its theoretical applications, whereas other programs, like the School for the Visual Arts, are more focused on transforming you into a commercially prepared practitioner. One isn’t necessarily better or more useful than the other- but one might align better with your goals. Do you dream about doing experimental installations in an art museum, or of designing ads for Target? Do you want to learn how to draw contour line art or would you rather learn the seven principles of design? If the former, a more artistically oriented program might be for you. If the later, a more commercially focused option is a safer bet. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. #3: Do I Want to Attend an Art School? Graphic design programs tend to fall into two categories: those housed within specialized art schools, like RISD, and those housed within larger universities, like Carnegie Mellon. If you have your heart set on a more â€Å"traditional† college experience, you might be better off going to a larger university that offers a graphic design program. If, however, you’re interested in a smaller institution with other arts-and-design-minded folks, you might want to attend a dedicated art school instead. Additionally, if you don’t necessarily need a typical university experience but don’t want to attend a super-small institution either, consider a larger art school like SCAD. This seems like a very real and official art-school lecture. #4: Am I Interested in Interdisciplinary Studies? How About Cutting-Edge Technology? Some programs offer a lot of flexibility to explore other interests. Carnegie Mellon, MICA, and RIT, for example, all offer more flexibility in investigating other interests (particularly technological ones at Carnegie and RIT) than other, more rigid programs do. You should also consider if you want a program that’s explicitly focused on training students in new media and the most cutting-edge graphic design technologies, like the College for Creative Studies is. #5: Are There Particular Faculty I Want to Work With? Check out the faculty bios of the professors and lecturers at all of the programs you're interested in. Who’s doing the work that interests you most? Be sure to mention any faculty you’re impressed by and want to work with in your application, too! #6: Do I Want to Study Abroad? If you have your heart set on studying abroad, your options are somewhat limited. Both SCAD and Ringling have established study abroad options, but you'll likely need to do some investigation to find out whether going abroad is possible at other schools as well. #7: Do I Have Geographic Preferences? Last, but certainly not least, where do you want to live while you attend college? There are a myriad of options in California and on the east coast (NYC in particular), but you’re not necessarily limited to those locations. Many programs on this list are as far reaching as Sarasota, Florida; Chicago, Illinois; and Savannah, Georgia. If you want to go to the Big Apple, you have a lot of options. Key Takeaways: The Best Graphic Design Schools Graphic designers are involved in pretty much all of the ways we consume information: they design publishing layouts, book jackets, album art, websites, app interfaces, advertisements, event posters, company logos, and so on. Being a graphic designer involves creativity, tech-savviness, and professional acumen. If this sounds like a career you’re interested in, go to graphic design school! There are many great graphic design programs housed in art schools, large public universities, tech schools, and even the Ivy League. With this handy list, you’ll be sure to find the program that’s right for you! What's Next? Not sure about college yet? Or still picking out schools? See our guides on whether you should go to college and the best way to do college research. Need more help narrowing down your final list of schools? Learn how to choose colleges to apply to, and get tips on how many schools to apply to as well! Considering what to study and worried about your future income? Check out our list of the highest-paying college majors to help you decide whether you should study one of them. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Free sample - Type 2 Diabetes. translation missing

Type 2 Diabetes. Type 2 DiabetesValentine (1998) defines Type 2 diabetes as a lifelong disease that is characterized by high levels of glucose in the blood. Through research, Type 2 diabetes has been found to be the most common form of diabetes. This type of diabetes is caused by the problem of the body making less insulin or not utilizing the available insulin appropriately. Insulin is very important as it helps to move excess blood glucose into cells so that it can be stored as fats and later utilized for energy production. In case excess blood sugar is not absorbed into cells for it to be converted into fats, a problem called hyperglycemia takes place which is characterized by the build up of abnormal high levels of glucose in the blood. Normally, as the levels of glucose in the blood stream increases, the pancreas is triggered to produce more insulin. But in this case the insulin becomes inadequate that it cannot keep up the demand of the body (Clarke, et al. 2003).  Ã‚  Ã‚   Research findings by Levin, et al. (2005) show that insulin resistance cases are mostly experienced by those individuals who are overweight. This is because fat usually interferes with the ability of the body to utilize insulin. Most of the thin people who are affected by this disease are the elderly especially aged above 45 years of age since their body organ system is weaker that it cannot easily convert the fats in the body into energy to allow insulin work effectively. In some cases genetics and family history play a significant role in acquisition of this common type of diabetes such that the disease is inherited by the progeny if the parents were affected. Ethnicity is another risk factor, for instance Hispanic Americans, African Americans, and Native Americans have been found to have increased rates of diabetes (Lasser, et al., 2006). By Poland, et al. (1998), it is apparent that the choices individuals make in a daily basis determine their physiological well being.   There are a number of steps to enable an individual have a healthier lifestyle which can reduce or prevent the possibility of developing Type 2 diabetes as well as pre-diabetes. These can comprise of maintaining a healthy weight, eating a healthy and balanced diet, ensuring that one does regular physical activities, by avoiding smoking cigarette, and by keeping one’s health in check. So that an individual can maintain a healthy body weight, it is advisable to exercise the body regularly as well as eat the foods which can provide the body with healthy diet, one should also talk to the concerned healthcare givers regarding the appropriate weight that they should have at that particular time, and it is better for an individual to learn how to calculate their Body Mass Index (Pearlin, 1992). To ensure a healthy and balanced diet, it is advisable to eat a diet constituting a variety of foods for instance protein rich foods, green vegetables for vitamins, and carbohydrates. Plenty of fruits and vegetables should be eaten daily especially 5 to 10 vegetables and fruits per day. Meals with high fiber content especially soluble fiber should be consumed to enable the hormone insulin perform well. This is because the soluble fiber slows down the release of ingested food into the intestine and prevents the blood sugar from elevating rapidly. Thus for the patients of Type 2 diabetes, taking enough soluble fiber is often very important as they will be allowed to take a smaller amount of diabetes medication. Eating less salt and fats can also ensure  Ã‚   physiological well being of an individual’s body as the accumulation of fats hinders the insulin from carrying out its function of converting glucose into fats. The amount of alcohol that an individual consumes should also be limited since a lot of it can result into high blood pressure and consequently bring about the risk of Type 2 diabetes (Gropper Smith, 2008).  Ã‚  Ã‚   Regular physical activities ensure less fats around the body organs and tissues hence insulin finds conducive environment to work in. It’s advisable that an individual should be active for a period of at least 30 minutes daily. Activities that build strength, flexibility, and endurance are very significant and should be included, and it will be very important if an individual enjoys the activities. Smoking is another dangerous behavior to the well being of an individual since the nicotine narrows the blood vessels and consequently increases blood pressure which is another risk factor for Type 2 diabetes. Some people absorb the second-hand smoke as they get new the smoking zone but never realize that they well be affected the same way the smoking people will be affected. There it is advisable to keep distance from the smoking zones to avoid the consequent effects (Poland, et al. 1998). It is very important to keep one’s health on check, for instance getting enough bed rest by sleeping. Getting enough sleep enables the brain to relax and regain energy for various body activities. Through research findings, it has been found that reduced quantity of sleep can weaken appetite regulation and the metabolism of glucose resulting in amplified risk of obesity which at long run will bring about diabetes. Consecutive nights of interrupted sleep seem to put individuals at increased risk of getting infected with type 2 diabetes. Being active is also very crucial since physical activities reduce stress which could otherwise hinder the normal functioning of the body’s organ system. Managing high blood pressure, glucose and cholesterol reduces the tendency of being attacked by Type 2 diabetes (Pearlin, 1992).   Indubitably, it is very important for an individual to be engaged in regular physical activities for at least 30 minutes every day. This can considerably reduce the amount of fats in the body which could otherwise reduce the activity of the insulin hormone.   Regular exercises also enhance quick oxidation of excess sugars hence reducing the level of glucose in the blood to normal. Measures like regular physical activities have also been found to bring about health problems to individuals especially when they are sick. It is not advisable for an individual to exercise when for instance their blood sugar level exceeds300 mg/dl, they have difficulties with breathing, they are sick in whichever way, their urine have got ketones, or they are experiencing any prickling, numbness or pain in their legs. If one’s medication is peaking, it is also important not to exercise (Frank, 2005). The fruit diet has been found to reduce the incidences of Type 2 diabetes in the world population. Due to misconceptions, this has been found to have its shortcomings to the well being of an individual. There should be a specification on the type of fruits and vegetables that should be taken in plenty and those which should be taken in low quantities. For instance, some fruits contain more sugar than others such that if fruits with a lot of sugar are consumed in large quantities every day, the level of sugar in the blood stream will increase hence putting an individual into the risk of becoming diabetic. It is advisable that a serving of fruit should contain carbohydrates amounting to 15 grams. Therefore it is advantageous to consume low-carbohydrate fruits since they can be consumed in plenty thus reducing the incidences of Type 2 diabetes (Levin, et al. 2005).   According to Lasser, et al. (2006), in America a special type of food called pizza is usually very important in preventing diabetes. So, most of the individuals in the American population eat the pizza in a daily basis since it is a healthy food containing complex carbohydrates, proteins, and vegetables. By research findings, it has been found that when eaten too much, pizza has its own shortcomings to the American population in spite of it being a balanced diet. This kind of food increases blood sugars to shoot up when eaten too much and as a result can cause diabetes. Pizza is also classified under the food with high fat content. Foods with high fat content like pizza can cause a delayed absorption of carbohydrates for some hours after one has eaten and as a result, the level of blood sugar will be kept elevated for about 8 hours (L. Henry, 2002).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Among the types of diabetes, Type 2 diabetes is the most common in any given human population. It can be distinguished from the other types of diabetes such that it can attack an individual even when insulin hormone is normally produced in the body. Type 2 diabetes comes into being when the insulin does not carry out its task effectively, that is, it does not convert the excess sugars in the blood stream into the form that can be stored for future use. It has been found that the factors which increase the accumulation of fats in the body enhance the incidences of Type 2 diabetes, for instance consuming a lot of fatty foods, and some times staying idle without doing physical activity. Also those factors which can increase the blood pressure, causes the disease, for example tobacco smoking, and alcohol consumption.